See schovele in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fiji Hindi",
"lang_code": "hif",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sabbal"
},
{
"lang": "Marshallese",
"lang_code": "mh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "jabōļ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuffle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "schufill"
},
{
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "japwol"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal shool",
"shulve"
],
"word": "shovel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schole"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schoull"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schule"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schuill"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "shule"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"sċofl",
"scofl#Old_English"
],
[
"*skuflu",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuflu"
],
[
"*skuflō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuflō"
],
[
"schouven",
"schouven#Middle_English"
],
[
"shevell",
"shevell#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:sċofl"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"sċofl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"schovele\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"schovele\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċofl"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċofl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skuflu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skuflu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuflō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuflō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the inflected forms of Old English sċofl, from Proto-West Germanic *skuflu, from Proto-Germanic *skuflō. Akin to schouven, which some forms reflect influence from (for instance, compare the form shevell to variants of that verb with /eː/).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "schoveles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schoffle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schofylle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schole",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scholve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schovel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shole",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sholve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shovele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shovill",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shovylle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sovyll",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"East-Anglia"
]
},
{
"form": "shevell",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schowulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schowelle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schovle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schovyl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "showell",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssofle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssovele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schoyll",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "schoil",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schuyll",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "schovele",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "schoveles"
},
"expansion": "schovele (plural schoveles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "enm:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shovel or spade; a scooped tool with a handle."
],
"id": "en-schovele-enm-noun-kIzBbWUh",
"links": [
[
"shovel",
"shovel"
],
[
"spade",
"spade"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɔvəl(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃuvəl(ə)/",
"note": "raised"
},
{
"ipa": "/-vlə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɔlv(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃulv(ə)/",
"note": "raised; metathetic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃyːvəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃuːvəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃyːl/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"word": "schovele"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fiji Hindi",
"lang_code": "hif",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sabbal"
},
{
"lang": "Marshallese",
"lang_code": "mh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "jabōļ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuffle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "schufill"
},
{
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "japwol"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal shool",
"shulve"
],
"word": "shovel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schole"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schoull"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schule"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shule"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "shuil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "schuill"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "shule"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"sċofl",
"scofl#Old_English"
],
[
"*skuflu",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuflu"
],
[
"*skuflō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuflō"
],
[
"schouven",
"schouven#Middle_English"
],
[
"shevell",
"shevell#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:sċofl"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"sċofl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"schovele\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"schovele\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċofl"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċofl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skuflu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skuflu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuflō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuflō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the inflected forms of Old English sċofl, from Proto-West Germanic *skuflu, from Proto-Germanic *skuflō. Akin to schouven, which some forms reflect influence from (for instance, compare the form shevell to variants of that verb with /eː/).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "schoveles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schoffle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schofylle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schole",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "scholve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schovel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shole",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sholve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shovele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shovill",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shovylle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sovyll",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"East-Anglia"
]
},
{
"form": "shevell",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schowulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schowelle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schovle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schovyl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "showell",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssofle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ssovele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schoyll",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "schoil",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "schuyll",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "schovele",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "schoveles"
},
"expansion": "schovele (plural schoveles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"enm:Tools",
"enm:Units of measure"
],
"glosses": [
"A shovel or spade; a scooped tool with a handle."
],
"links": [
[
"shovel",
"shovel"
],
[
"spade",
"spade"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɔvəl(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃuvəl(ə)/",
"note": "raised"
},
{
"ipa": "/-vlə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɔlv(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃulv(ə)/",
"note": "raised; metathetic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃyːvəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃuːvəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃyːl/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"word": "schovele"
}
Download raw JSONL data for schovele meaning in Middle English (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.